语法复习综合训练（一）
35. in that…
这个结构的意思是“在那一点上（方面）”，还可译为“因为”。类似的结构还有in this…。
The budget is unrealistic in that it disregards increased costs.
36. the name notwithstanding
这个结构中notwithstanding是介词，可以置前也可以置后，如可写成：notwithstand-ing the name. 起让步状语的作用。
Some people think of the storage battery as a sort of condenser where electricity is stored. But this is an entirely wrong conception, the name notwithstanding.
37. every…not 和all…not
every…not表示“不见得每个……都是……“；all…not表示”不见得所有……都是……“。
Every man is not polite, and all ate not born gentlemen.
38. may as well not…as
此结构可译为“与其……不如……“。
One may as well not know a thing at all as know it but imperfectly.
39. have only to …do
此结构表示“只须（消）……就能……”。
We have only to turn to that extraordinary discovery made by Edison to see the signify-cance of it.
40. not (no) …unless…
No increase in output can be expected unless a new assembly line is installed.
41. better… than…
Better my life should be ended by their hate, than that hated life should be prolonged to live without your love.
42. as it were
这是一个常用的插入语，意思是“好像”，“可以说”等。
Apiece of iron near a magnet, though apparently separate from it, feels, as it were, the threads of this attachment.
43. 复杂结构
在下面例句中，由于anyone 的定语从句过长，把谓语must realize 提到定语从句之前。
Though faith and confidence are surely more or less foreign to my nature, I do not infer-quently find myself looking to them to be able, diligent, candid, and even honest. Plainly e-nough, that is too large an order, as anyone must realize who reflects upon the manner in which they reach public office.
44. not.. any more than…
可译为“不能……，正如不能……”。
One cannot learn to sketch and express himself graphically only by reading about it any more than one can learn to swim while standing by the pool.
45. by that as it may
它是let it be that as it may 的省略形式，是由be引起的另外一种假设结构，意思是“虽然如此，尽管这样”。
It is said that the nerve poison is the more primitive of the two, that the blood poison is, so to speak, a new product from an improved formula. Be that as it may, the nerve poi-son does its business with man far more quickly than the blood poison.
46. if at all
这是一个由if引起的主谓结构不完整的短句，意为“即将……”，“即使……”等。
I can see only with great difficulty, if at all.
47. 由there 引起的句型容易产生复杂的句子结构
There have been opened up to the vast and excellent science, in which my work is the beginning, ways and means by which other minds more accurate than which will explore its remote corners.
48. range from…to…
这是一个常见结构，译时很多情况下应变通处理，不能完全依靠辞典上的释义。
Computer applications range from an assembly line completely run by computers to a children toy responding to remote signals.
49. the way…
I always thought she was a common-sense person who discussed things the way they ought to be discussed.
50. 复杂宾补结构
In recent years, the development of sensitive and accurate measuring equipment has made it possible to measure the acuity of hearing of any individual at different frequencies.
51. 某些分隔结构
1） 动词短语相关部分被分隔（当 make use of, take notice of, pay attention to, 等动词短语变成被动语态时）
Use is made of solar energy in heating houses.
2） 双重定语引起的分隔
But there is of culture another view, in which not solely the scientific passion, the sheer desire to see things as they are, natural and proper in an intelligent being, appears as the ground of it.
52. to be doing…when…
这个句型，多译为“某人正在做……时”，“突然……”。在简单的句子中容易看出，一旦句子变得复杂一些，可能就不太容易识别这种句型。
She said she and a friend had gone out to dinner that night, and were walking home to-gether at about 10 o’clock, when a “very big, very tall man”, accosted them and demanded their purses.
53. too…to…
Then I remembered how often I, too, had been indifferent to the grandeur of each day,too preoccupied with petty and sometimes even mean concerns to respond to the splendor of it all.
54. so much that…
But he developed gradually a very musical English. He learnt to write sentences that fall away on the ear with a misty languor and it delighted him so much that he could never have enough of it.
55. when 引导状语从句
不能一看到when 从句就考虑译为“当……的时候”，它还有许多种译法。
Anything is better than not to write clearly. There is nothing to be said against lucidity, and against simplicity only the possibility of dryness. This is a risk that is well worth taking when you reflect how much better it is to be hold than to wear a curly wig.
56. not …because…
这个结构中，not有时可否定前面，有时可否定because 本身，容易出现歧义，应根据上下问面判定。
In 1600 the earth was not the center of the universe because the majority then supposed it was; nor, because she had more readers, was Ella wheeler Wilcox a better poet then Fa-ther Hopkins.
57. so… that, such…that
这是一个普通的句型，但在同一个句子里有两处使用它却比较少见。
The truth is, that in one point of view, this matter of national literature has come to such a pass with us, that in some sense we must turn bullies, else the day is lost, or superi-ority so far beyond us, that we can hardly say it will ever be ours.
58. by doing…
这个结构的意思是“通过（做）……”，但翻译实践中不能拘泥于这种释义，需要灵活变通。
The hippos, by depositing dung in the water, fed the fish that support the storks that destroy the rare trees.
59. 翻译复杂句时，倒装成分位置处理
下面例句为一倒装句，主语很长，而且又含有非常复杂的句型。这是以形容词作表语的倒装，翻译实践中多把倒装部分译到最前面。
No less obvious is the fact there are great numbers of people so constituted or so brought up that they cannot get so much pleasure out of processes and experiences resulting in a poor-er life less full of meaning.
60. what…of
I can not say of myself what Johnson said of Pope: He never passed a fault unamended by indifference, nor quitted it by despair. I do not write as I do; I write as I can.
61. 双重否定
英语的一个习惯用法是：当否定谓语 think (believe) 时，实际上是否定其后面的宾语从句，否定就落在宾语从句上，含否定意义的宾语从句就变成了双重否定，译时可以安双重否定定译，也可按肯定来译。
It is a valuable work. I do not think anyone writes so well that he cannot learn much from it.
62. to have not…（as）to see…中的不定式也有否定意味
He had not the good breeding to see that simplicity and naturalness are the truest marks of distinction.
63. It occurred to sb. that…突然想到；It dawned on sb. that…突然想起
从句是想起的内容。
I remember once being on a bus and looking at a stranger. He suddenly looked back at me. When our eyes met, my instinctive reaction was to avert my gaze. It occurred to me that if I had continued to maintain eye contact, I would have been rude and aggressive.
64. It follows that…=It happens as a result…
它们常译为“由此可见”，“因此”，“从前”，“可以推断”等。
It follows that the housewife will also expect to be able to have more leisure in her life without lowering her standard of living. It also follows that human domestic servants will have completely ceased to exist.
65. that’s all there is to it
这个结构意思是“也不过如此而已”。可根据上下文视情况处理。
If I’m touched, I’m touched-that’s all there is to it.
66. the chances are that…
这一句型译为“有可能…”。
The chances are you will never attempt that speed with poetry or want to race though some passages in fiction over which you wish to linger.
67. feel, see, leave 引起宾语的宾语补足语，或在被动语态中引起主语补足语的某些惯用句型
这种情形下有时see 和 feel这两个词的被动式不大好译，应挖掘其深层含义，不要拘泥于表面形式。
The education of the young is seen to be of primary importance.
68. 以 no, nowhere, never, not…but, not…any, nothing but, hardly, scarcely, seldom 等否定词语引出的一些结构
I never go past the theatre but I think of his last performance.
69. choice between, to know better, whether or, should have avoided (或 done better) 等，表示从两种做法中选取一种更好的做法
Then we are faced with a choice between using technology to provide and fulfil needs which have hitherto been regarded as unnecessary or, on the other hand, using technology to reduce the number of hours of work which a man must do in order to earn a given standard of living.
70. 某些省略情况，应清楚确认省略的内容
The country had grown rich, its commerce was large, and wealth did its natural work in making life softer and more worldly, commerce in deprovincializing the minds of those en-gaged in it.
71. 修饰成分（包括定语、定语从句、同位语从句等）多而长
Across the court from the Manhattan apartment that I have occupied for the past few years is a dog that often hurls insults into the darkness, a few of which my dog refuses to ac-cept and makes a tart reply.
72. 一些外位语
所谓外位修饰，指从句子结构和内容上不起主要信息表达功能的部分。其作用是从语气和连接上下文等方面进行补充。在翻译汉语时，往往可独立成句，外形上不保留修饰的痕迹。
Of course, nobody was hurt this time, because we had all been to dinner, none of us be-ing novices excepting Hastings; and he having been informed by the minister at the time that he invited him that in deference to the English custom the had not provided any dinner. (环球网校资料,如需转载请注明出处)
